西班牙专利ES2552225A1 Mirror bending device (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

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专利摘要:
A device for bending mirrors (m) comprising a spring (s) that connects a drive mechanism to means of attachment to a mirror, so that the spring (s) transmits a force exerted by the drive mechanism to the means of unión. The spring (s) is in the stretched state in any operative position of the drive mechanism with respect to the joining means. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
公开号:ES2552225A1
申请号:ES201530735
申请日:2015-05-27
公开日:2015-11-26
发明作者:Carles COLLDELRAM PEROLIU；Claude RUGET；Josep NICOLÁS ROMÁN
申请人:Consorci per a la Construccio Equipament i Explotacio del Laboratori de Llum Sincrotro；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

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Device for curving mirrors Object of the invention.
The present invention relates to a device for curving mirrors, especially mirrors used in particle accelerators.
Background of the invention.
Some particle accelerators supply beams of photons or light (usually, X-rays) to various experimental stations (lfceas of light or 'beamlines', in English) that use such beams of photons to conduct research and tests in various fields, such as bioscience, condensed matter or materials science.
Each Knea of light includes a series of optical elements that convert the photon beam emitted by the light source, which is divergent and broadband, into a beam with the properties required by the specific experimental technique, which is normally monochromatic and is in focus.
Because reflection by curved surfaces is the most effective way to focus these beams of light, special concave curved mirrors are used to perform this function.
These mirrors are polished in a flat state with a high degree of precision and, then, the mirror is arranged in a special device to bend this type of mirrors (known as 'bender', in English) that applies a pair at the ends of the mirror and introduces a controlled deformation in the mirror that allows it to be shaped in the desired shape (usually elliptical) from its original flat shape.
Once curved, the mirror has a concave surface in which the light beam affects a very small angle and in which it is reflected.
Despite being manufactured as accurately as possible, the curved mirror shows deviations from its ideal mathematical curvature once it has been curved. These deviations cause distortions in the wavefront of the beam of light that is reflected by the mirror, which can cause a lack of homogeneity of the beam when it reaches a sample or an increase in the size of the beam at the focused location.
Therefore, it is desirable to correct these dimensional deviations of the mirror as far as possible to improve the accuracy of the reflected light beam.
It is known to manufacture mirrors with piezoelectric elements integrated in the mirror substrate and arranged along it. The piezoelectric elements are activated to vary their size and, thus, modify the shape of the mirror in the desired locations in order to compensate for the dimensional deviations of the mirror in each corresponding location.
This solution has the disadvantage that it makes the manufacturing of the mirror more expensive and more complex, which must incorporate the piezoelectric elements. Likewise, the resolution and precision of this system are relatively limited, which does not allow very precise dimensional modifications to the mirror.
Another solution known in the art consists in the use of mechanisms, such as spindles, in contact with one of the faces of the mirror and that push the corresponding face in order to correct the dimensional deviations of the mirror in said location. These mechanisms
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they incorporate a spring that works under compression between the mechanism and the mirror to improve the resolution of the system.
Although the compression spring improves the resolution of the drive mechanism to correct the dimensional deviations of the mirror, the resolution values obtained are not the most optimal. In addition, the contact between the mechanism and the mirror is carried out without any element that eliminates possible parasitic force components that could introduce unwanted deformations in the mirror.
Finally, a solution is also known that consists of using a fork-shaped support with a flexible bar arranged between the two arms of the fork that contacts the mirror to apply a force on it in order to correct the dimensional deviations caused by your own weight When applying a force on the mirror, the flexible element is deformed to flexion to obtain a greater resolution in the application of the force. Similar to the previous cases, the resolution and precision values obtained with this system are not the most optimal and, in addition, this system is designed to correct the dimensional deviations of the mirror caused by its own weight, and not to correct the deviations Intrinsic dimensions of the mirror.
Description of the invention.
The objective of the present invention is to solve the drawbacks of the devices for curving mirrors known in the art, providing a device for curving mirrors comprising:
- two lateral supports to support the corresponding ends of a mirror in each of them and a corresponding pusher arranged opposite to each of said lateral supports and moved towards the other lateral support to bend said mirror by means of relative movement between said lateral support and said pusher;
- at least one movable corrective device between the two lateral supports and comprising means for joining the mirror and driving means for transmitting a force to said joining means, said driving means comprising a movable driving mechanism with respect to said means of union and a spring connecting the drive mechanism to said joining means, so that the spring transmits a force exerted by the drive mechanism to the joining means,
characterized by the fact that
The spring is in a stretched state in any operative position of the drive mechanism with respect to the joining means.
The device of the present invention uses a spring in a stretched state to deform the mirror and correct the dimensional deviations of the surface thereof that will reflect the light beams.
A spring in a stretched state is intrinsically more stable than a spring in a compressed state, since the buckling effect present in compressed springs is eliminated, which constitutes an instability factor and which negatively affects the repeatability and stability of values of force obtained by mounting the spring in different locations.
This allows forces to be applied to the mirror with a higher resolution than the one obtained with the compression springs and to obtain greater repeatability of the force values applied by the spring when used for measurements in different mirrors or in different locations.
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Here, a spring in a stretched state is understood to mean an elastically deformed spring with respect to its resting state and having a longer length in said stretched state than in said resting state, so that the spring is capable of exerting a force has been stretched due to said elastic deformation. The spring in the stretched state can also be referred to as a spring that works by traction.
Preferably, the spring is a coil type spring.
Preferably, the spring will be as long as possible and will have an elastic constant K as small as possible in order to maximize the resolution obtained.
Advantageously, the joining means comprise support means for contacting one of the faces of the mirror.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the support means comprise first contact means for contacting a mirror face oriented towards the spring.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the support means comprise second contact means for contacting a mirror face oriented away from the spring.
These support means allow to apply a force on a desired face of the mirror in order to produce a deformation that counteracts a dimensional deviation in a location of the mirror that corresponds to the position of said support means or in other locations of the mirror indirectly. . Depending on the type of dimensional deviation of the mirror to be corrected (concave or convex), the correction force will be applied on one or the other side of the mirror.
Preferably, the joining means comprise an oscillating element articulated by its central part articulated to a fixed point of the at least one corrective device and articulated jointly by one of its ends to the support means, said oscillating element further comprising less at one of its ends a first means of connection to the spring.
The oscillating element allows the correction force to be applied to any of the two opposite main faces of the mirror using a stretched spring that works at traction at all times. To change the direction of the correction force on the mirror, it is only necessary to attach the spring to one or the other end of the oscillating element.
Preferably, the drive mechanism comprises a movable support and a drive that moves said movable support by bringing it closer and further away from the joining means, said movable support comprising a second means of connection to the spring.
Advantageously, the movable support comprises a slider perpendicularly with respect to the direction of travel of the movable support and comprising the second means for connecting to the spring.
Also advantageously, the drive is a spindle associated with an electric motor.
The movable support of the drive mechanism is displaced by the electric motor and the associated spindle to stretch the spring to a greater or lesser extent, in order to apply more or less correction force to the mirror. The slide, which is connected to one of the ends of the spring, can vary its position to align the spring substantially in the direction of travel of the support.
Preferably, the side supports and pushers are mounted on bearings for
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oscillate in a perpendicular plane with respect to the direction of relative movement between said lateral supports and said pushers.
These bearings eliminate the introduction of any force in the mirror that is not perpendicular with respect to the plane defined by the two main faces of the mirror, that is, they eliminate the introduction of any force that is not parallel with respect to the direction of movement between the lateral supports and pushers and that could undesirably deform the mirror and affect the precision of the mirror bending.
Also preferably, the support means comprise at least one bearing for contacting the mirror.
Advantageously, the joining means comprise an articulation between the oscillating element and the support means.
The bearing and articulation mentioned also prevent the introduction of perpendicular or non-aligned forces with the direction of the expected correction force applied by the correction device on the mirror and that could undesirably deform the mirror and affect the precision of the correction.
Also advantageously, the second means of connection to the spring are mounted on a bearing.
This bearing prevents the introduction of torsional forces in the spring, since it allows one of the ends of the spring to rotate freely around its longitudinal axis, thereby improving the precision of the force applied by the spring.
The combination of the described bearings and joints applied in all the elements of the device that apply a force on the mirror allows to eliminate the introduction of non-perpendicular forces with respect to the faces of the mirror in which the force is applied. In this way, the forces applied on the mirror deform the mirror in the intended manner, avoiding additional unwanted deformations caused by parasitic forces derived from friction and reactions in directions other than the direction of application of the expected force.
Description of the figures
In order to facilitate the description of how much has been exposed above, some drawings are attached in which, schematically and only by way of non-limiting example, a practical case of realization of the device for curving mirrors of the invention is represented, in the which:
- Figures 1a and 1b are schematic graphs of the process to eliminate the dimensional deviations of a mirror;
Figure 2 in a general perspective view of the device for curving mirrors of the present invention with a mirror mounted thereon;
Figure 3 is the detail view III shown in Figure 2 of one of the lateral supports and one of the pushers of the device of the present invention;
-Figure 4 is a partial view of the mechanism for curving the mirror of the device of the present invention;
Figures 5a and 5b show a perspective view of a corrective device of the device of the present invention in two different positions of the mechanism for actuating the means for joining a mirror;
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- Figures 6a and 6b show a partial schematic side view in which the operation of the corrective device to deform a mirror in two corresponding different directions can be observed.
Description of a preferred embodiment.
Figures 1a and 1b show schematic graphs that represent a section through the thickness of a mirror m used in a particle accelerator before (figure 1a) and after (figure 1b) of being deformed to correct errors or dimensional deviations present on the face of the mirror m that will reflect the light beams (in this case, the upper face of the mirror m).
The dimensional deviations have been exaggerated to show more clearly how the correction of the same is carried out. As can be seen, to correct the convex deviations of the upper face, corresponding forces directed downwards are applied at the locations corresponding to said convex deviations. To correct the concave deviations of the upper face, corresponding forces are directed upwards on the lower face of the mirror m and at the locations corresponding to said concave deviations.
The result of applying these forces can be seen in Figure 1b, in which the elastically deformed mirror m has a uniform upper face in which the surface errors have been corrected.
This process of correction of dimensional deviations described and the manner of carrying it out in the device of the present invention will be described in more detail below.
A device D for curving mirrors of the present invention is shown in Figure 2.
The device D comprises a structure 1 with a front plate 1a and a back plate 1b that supports a mirror m of a particle accelerator. The mirror m has a narrow and elongated shape and is supported by its lower face, at its two free ends, on lateral supports 2 located at the ends of the structure 1 of the device D. The face of the mirror m which reflects light beams it will be the upper face shown in the figure.
Pushers 3 are arranged next to each side support 2, supported on a frame 4c, so that the same are located facing downwards, opposite to the corresponding side support 2. Each pusher 3 disposed next to a corresponding lateral support 2 is moved towards the lateral support 2 located at the other end of the device D, so that each lateral support 2 and the corresponding pusher 3 are separated by a distance d in the longitudinal direction of the mirror (see figure 3).
As mentioned above, the device D of the present invention serves to bend the mirror m so that its upper face has a concave configuration (preferably elliptical) in the longitudinal direction of the mirror m. To achieve this concave configuration, the pushers 3 move in a perpendicular direction with respect to the upper face of the mirror m (down in the figure) reducing their vertical distance with respect to the corresponding lateral support 2 and pushing the upper face of the mirror m by applying a force.
In this way, the distance d (for example, 25 mm) between the lateral supports 2 and the pushers 3 causes both elements to push the corresponding faces of the mirror m in the opposite direction and introduce two pairs at the ends of the mirror m which cause it curves concavely (down in the figure).
The curvature of the mirror m can be regulated depending on the force applied by the
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pushers 3.
Referring to Figure 4, the mechanism that allows applying force through the pushers 3 is described below.
The pushers 3 are supported on the upper part of the frame 4c, which is connected at its bottom to a first cardan type joint 4d (double joint), connected at its bottom to a strain gauge 4e which is connected by its lower part to a second 4d cardan joint. The second cardan joint 4d is connected in an articulated manner to a first slide 4b on which a pair of springs 4a are supported, which are connected at the top to a second slide 4f.
The first and second slides 4b and 4f move along fixed glues 4g that extend vertically. The second slide 4f is associated with a motor and spindle mechanism, not visible in the figure and located behind the slides 4b, 4f, which moves the second slide 4f along the glues 4g.
In this way, the movement of the second slide 4f downwards in Figure 4 compresses the springs 4a between the second slide 4f and the first slide 4b. The springs 4a push the first slide 4b down, which in turn pulls the second cardan joint 4d downwards, thereby pulling the strain gauge 4e, the first cardan joint 4d, the frame 4c and the pushers 3 downwards, so that pushers 3 exert the force applied by the motor and spindle mechanism on the mirror m.
The springs 4a allow a force to be applied to the mirror m by means of the pushers 3 with a higher resolution, since the minimum resolution of the motor mechanism and spindle that displaces the second slide 4f is defined by the minimum angle of rotation of the engine multiplied by a corresponding reducer. The springs 4a allow to obtain a more gradual transition of the force applied in the mirror m between two different positions of the second slide 4f defined by the resolution of the motor-spindle mechanism that displaces it.
The presence of the cardan joints 4d allows the strain gauge 4e located between them to register the force applied on the pushers 3 as accurately as possible, eliminating non-parallel residual force components with respect to the direction of the main force applied on pushers 3 through the first slide 4b (in the described embodiment, in the vertical direction). This allows the force applied to the mirror m to be controlled more precisely.
As can be seen, the lateral supports 2 are hingedly supported on a parallel articulation axis with respect to the longitudinal direction of the mirror m and defined by two bearings 2a (only one of them is visible in Figure 3) and on an axis of perpendicular articulation with respect to the longitudinal direction of the mirror m and defined by two bearings 2b (only one of them is visible in figures 3 and 4), both articulation axes defining a parallel plane with respect to the upper face of the mirror perpendicular with respect to the direction of travel between the supports 2 and the pushers 3.
Similarly, the pushers 3 are hingedly supported on a parallel articulation axis with respect to the longitudinal direction of the mirror m and defined by bearings 3a and on a perpendicular articulation axis with respect to the longitudinal direction of the mirror m and defined by bearings 3b (only one of them is visible in Figure 4), both articulation axes defining a parallel plane with respect to the upper face of the mirror perpendicular with respect to the direction of travel between the supports 2 and the pushers 3.
This articulated support of the lateral supports 2 and of the pushers 3 allows to align the
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lateral supports 2 without introducing any torsion in the mirror m when supporting it in the same and avoids introducing any residual force that is not purely perpendicular with respect to the plane defined by the upper face of the mirror m.
Preferably, the bearings 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b used are deep groove ball bearings. These bearings preferably have a play in a parallel direction with respect to their axis of rotation that allows a small perpendicular rotation with respect to their axis of rotation, which facilitates the non-introduction of the unwanted residual forces mentioned above in the mirror m.
Likewise, the surface of the lateral supports 2 and of the pushers 3 for contacting the mirror m has a convex profile optimized to avoid excessive tensions at the points of contact with said mirror m.
The device D is designed to accommodate mirrors with different lengths, for example, from 300 mm to 1500 mm, and with different cross sections, for example, 50 mm wide by 20 mm thick.
It is possible to manufacture structures 1 with different lengths to adapt the device D to mirrors of different lengths.
The device D shown in figure 2 comprises two corrective devices 5. The function of these corrective devices 5 is to correct the possible dimensional deviations of the mirror m with respect to its ideal mathematical form once it has been curved, referring again to the figures 1a and 1b.
Referring also to Figures 5a and 5b, each corrective device 5 comprises a vertical U-shaped frame 5a movable between the two lateral supports 2 of the device D. The frame 5a moves along some glues 6 arranged on the faces internal of the front and rear plates 1a, 1b of the structure 1 of the device D, through which sliding slides 5b are arranged arranged on the sides of the frame 5a. Thus, each correction device 5 can be placed in a desired location along the mirror m supported on the device D. The position of each correction device 5 is fixed by means of fixings 5s that exert pressure on the edges of the plates 1a , 1b (see figure 2).
In Figure 2 two correction devices 5 configured differently to exert a downward directed force on the upper face of the mirror (the right correction device 5) and to exert an upwardly directed force on the lower face of the mirror can be seen mirror (the corrective device on the left). The correction device 5 shown in Figures 5a and 5b corresponds to the correction device on the right in Figure 2.
Likewise, referring in advance to Figures 6a and 6b, the correction device 5 of Figure 6a corresponds to the correction device located on the left in Figure 2 and the correction device 5 of Figure 6b corresponds to the correction device located on the right in figure 2.
As can be seen more clearly in Figures 5a and 5b, the frame 5a comprises a U-shaped body with two parallel vertical bars 5c connected at its top by a reinforcing cross member 5d to stiffen the frame 5a.
The upper end of the bar 5c located on the left in Figures 5a and 5b comprises a fork 5e extending towards the opposite bar 5c of the frame 5a. In this fork 5e a bar 5f is articulated on its intermediate part through an axis 5g of articulation, so that the bar 5f oscillates around said axis 5g of articulation.
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The bar 5f is articulated by its free end furthest from the fork 5e to another vertical fork 5h through a joint 5j. The fork 5h constitutes a means of contact with the mirror m and supports bearings 5i which, in figures 5a and 5b, contact the upper face of the mirror m and are arranged next to the free ends of the arms of the fork 5h (see also figure 2 and figure 6b). The bearings 5i can also be arranged at the base of the fork arms 5h (see figure 2 and figure 6a) to contact the underside of the mirror m.
The bearings 5i are preferably of the rigid type of balls. Preferably, these bearings 5i are of the type mentioned above with reference to bearings 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b.
The arrangement of the bearings 5i of the correction device 5 located on the right in Figure 2 and shown in Figures 5a, 5b and 6b allows to exert a force on the upper face of the downwardly directed mirror m which is transmitted to the mirror through 5i bearings. The arrangement of the bearings 5i of the correction device 5 located on the left in Figure 2 and shown in Figure 6a allows a force to be exerted on the lower face of the upwardly directed mirror m which is transmitted to the mirror through the bearings 5i.
The mirror m is arranged between the arms of the fork 5h, so that the bearings 5i can be arranged in contact with its lower face or in contact with its upper face (see figures 6a and 6b).
The bar 5f also comprises a connection 5k and a connection 5l at its bottom, located at the free end of the bar 5f comprising the joint 5j and at the opposite end, respectively, and whose function will be explained below. These connections 5k and 5l can be present in the bar 5f simultaneously or individually.
A drive mechanism is mounted on the bar 5c of the frame 5a opposite to the bar 5c in which the fork 5e is located. This drive mechanism comprises a stepper electric motor 5r and a spindle 5m arranged in parallel with respect to the bar 5c and associated with the motor 5r through a reducer 5t. The spindle 5m rotates in a controlled way using the 5r motor.
Although in the described embodiment the drive mechanism comprises an electric motor 5r, the mechanism could also comprise instead a simpler manual device, for example, a screw driven by a screwdriver.
The drive mechanism also comprises an elongated support 5n that extends horizontally between the two bars 5c of the frame 5a and that is associated with the spindle 5m through a nut element, so that the rotation of the spindle 5m in one direction or in opposite direction makes said support 5n rise or fall correspondingly (see Figures 5a and 5b, in which the support 5n is arranged in two different positions). The support 5n is also associated with a glutton 5o arranged on the inner side of the bar 5c on which the spindle 5m is mounted and which makes it possible to move the support 5n in a vertical direction.
On the support 5n a sliding slide 5p is mounted along the length of the support 5n, that is horizontally between the bars 5c of the frame 5a and perpendicularly with respect to the direction of vertical movement of the support 5n.
The slide 5p comprises a connection 5q mounted on an articulation and whose function will be explained below. In this way, the slide 5p and the corresponding connection 5q can move vertically and horizontally in a plane defined by the two bars 5c of the frame 5a of the correction device 5.
The correction device 5 further comprises a spring S, in the embodiment shown, a spring
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helical, which can be connected at its upper free end to the 5l connection or to the 5k connection and its lower free end to the 5q connection. The spring S connects the bar 5f to the support 5n and, therefore, connects the fork 5h to the drive mechanism formed by the motor 5r, the spindle 5m and the support 5n. The spring S is in a stretched state in any relative position between the connections 5k, 5l and the connection 5q, or in any relative position between the bar 5f and the support 5n, that is, the spring S is in tension at all times.
The function of the spring S consists in transmitting a force made by the support 5n when moving vertically to the bearings 5i mounted on the fork 5h and, therefore, to the upper face or the lower face of the mirror m, depending on the connection 5k or 5l of the bar 5f to which the upper end of the spring S is attached, as will be described below.
The spring S allows a force to be applied to the mirror m by means of the drive mechanism of the device D of the present invention with a higher resolution. The minimum resolution of the mechanism without the spring S is defined by the minimum angle of rotation of the motor 5r, multiplied by the reducer 5t and which rotates the spindle 5m and displaces the support 5n. The arrangement of the spring S between the drive mechanism and the mirror m makes it possible to obtain a more gradual transition of the force applied in the mirror m between two different positions of the mechanism defined by its resolution. The fact that the spring S works by traction further improves the resolution, repeatability and stability of the force that can be applied in the mirror, since a stretched or working spring is intrinsically more stable than a compressed or working spring Compression
Referring again to FIGS. 6a and 6b, the spring S can be fixed at its lower free end to the connection 5q of the slide 5p and can be fixed at its upper free end to the connection 5k or the connection 5l of the oscillating bar 5f.
To exert an upwardly directed force on the lower face of the mirror m (see figure 6a), the fork 5h is arranged with the bearings 5i resting on the lower face of the mirror m. The upper free end of the spring S joins the connection 5k of the oscillating bar 5f, located at the opposite end of the oscillating bar 5f with respect to the end where the articulation 5j is arranged, and the lower free end of the spring S it joins the connection 5q of the slide 5p, so that the spring S is stretched between these two connections. The slide 5p can be moved along the support 5n to be arranged vertically aligned with the connection 5k, as shown in Figure 6a.
The stretched spring S pulls the connection 5k of the bar 5f downwards, tilting the bar 5f around the joint 5g, counterclockwise in Figure 6a. In this way, the end containing the articulation 5j of the oscillating bar 5f pushes the fork 5h and the bearings 5i upwards, so that a force directed upwards is applied on the lower face of the mirror m through the bearings 5i. Therefore, this force will be used to compensate for concave deformations on the upper surface of the mirror m.
The force that the spring S transmits to the bearings 5i will be adjusted by vertical displacement of the support 5n. The lower the support 5n, the more force will be applied on the lower surface of the mirror m, and the less lower, the less force will be applied on it. The force applied will depend on the degree of deformation of the mirror m that is desired to be obtained, which depends on the dimensional deviation of the mirror m at the location on which the force is applied.
To exert a downward directed force on the upper face of the mirror m (see figure 6b), the fork 5h is arranged with the bearings 5i resting on the upper face of the mirror m. The upper free end of the spring S joins the connection 5l of the oscillating bar 5f, located under the fork 5h, and the lower free end of the spring S joins the connection 5q of the slide 5p, so that the spring S is stretched between these two connections. The 5p slider can
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move along the support 5n to be arranged vertically aligned with the connection 5l, as shown in Figure 6b.
The stretched spring S pulls the connection 5l of the bar 5f downwards, swinging it around the joint 5g, clockwise in Figure 6b. In this way, the spring S also pulls the fork 5h and the bearings 5i downwards through the joint 5j, so that a force directed downwards is applied on the upper face of the mirror m through the bearings 5i. Therefore, this force will serve to compensate for convex deformations on the upper surface of the mirror m.
In the same way as described above, the vertical force of the support 5n will adjust the force that the spring S transmits to the bearings 5i. The lower the support 5n, the more force will be applied on the upper surface of the mirror m, and the less lower, the less force will be applied on it (see, for example, the two positions of the support 5n shown in Figures 5a and 5b ).
Although in the embodiments shown the forks 5h have the bearings 5i mounted at the top of their arms or at the bottom thereof, it would also be possible to use forks 5h with bearings 5i mounted at the top and bottom of their arms, so that it is possible to use the same fork 5h to exert a force on both upper and lower faces of a mirror.
The articulation 5j, which can be an articulation based on rigid ball bearings (of the type mentioned above referring to the bearings 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b), and which allows to obtain a labeling effect, minimizes the possible components of the force applied in the mirror m that are not purely perpendicular to the faces of the mirror m. In addition, bearings 5i also eliminate any component of non-perpendicular force with respect to the faces of the mirror m. Also, the connection 5q of the slide is mounted on a bearing that allows its rotation about an axis substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the spring S to avoid the appearance of torsional forces on the spring S that could introduce inaccuracies.
Although the described embodiment of the correction device 5 comprises a slide 5p to which the lower end of the spring S is connected, alternative embodiments are also contemplated in which said slide 5p is not present and in which fixed connections for the spring are arranged in the support 5n, aligned vertically with the corresponding connection 5k or 5l of the bar 5f.
Preferably, the spring S is a long helical spring with a known and very small elastic constant that allows a resolution in the application of force below 0.01 N.
Preferably, the spring elastic constant S will be between 0.0065 and 0.031599 daN / mm.
This type of spring allows to obtain a high resistance to thermal dimensional changes and allows to carry out a repeatable force application after repeatedly mounting and disassembling different mirrors in the device D.
The spring S can be a conventional catalog spring whose characteristics are precisely known, which facilitates the precise control of the force applied on the mirror m and the obtaining of a spring S easily and economically.
As explained above, the corrective devices 5 can be moved between the lateral supports 2 of the device to be able to arrange them in the longitudinal location of the mirror m whose dimensional deviation is to be corrected. The number of corrective devices 5 in the device may be the most suitable for each mirror.
As can be seen from the foregoing, the spring S working on the device D of the invention improves the resolution of the force applied in the mirror m with respect to the previous devices that used other spring-based configurations at compression, piezoelectric elements or elements that work to flexion.
5 Furthermore, the incorporation of joints and bearings in all the elements that exert a force on the mirror allows to eliminate any component of force that is not perpendicular with respect to the faces of the mirror in which said force is applied, thus avoiding introducing no compression or other unwanted force in the mirror m.
Thanks to the characteristics described, the device D of the invention allows a mirror m to bend and deform 10 by precisely controlling the force values applied on said mirror. Thanks to the elasticity theory, which predicts the deformation of a body from a force applied to it, the precision of the deformation carried out on the mirror can be very high, since the resolution of the applied force obtained by device D of the present invention it is below Newton's hundredths.
Thus, the device D of the present invention makes it possible to improve the surface precision resulting from a mirror by an approximate factor of 10 with respect to the initial errors of said mirror.
Finally, although the device of the present invention is mainly useful for folding and correcting mirrors used in particle accelerators, it can also be used with mirrors used in other fields.

权利要求:
Claims (11)
[1]
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1. Device (D) for curving mirrors (m) comprising:
- two lateral supports (2) to support the corresponding ends of a mirror (m) in each of them and a corresponding pusher (3) arranged opposite to each of said lateral supports (2) and moved towards the other lateral support (2) for curving said mirror (m) by the relative movement between said lateral support (2) and said pusher (3);
- at least one corrective device (5) movable between the two lateral supports (2) and comprising means (5f, 5h, 5i) for joining the mirror (m) and means (S, 5r, 5t, 5m, 5n, 5p ) of actuation for transmitting a force to said joining means, said actuating means comprising a mechanism (5r, 5t, 5m, 5n, 5p) movable with respect to said joining means and a spring (S) connecting the driving mechanism to said joining means, so that the spring (S) transmits a force exerted by the driving mechanism to the joining means, characterized by the fact that the spring (S) is in a stretched state in any position operating of the drive mechanism with respect to the joining means.
[2]
2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the spring (S) is a coil type spring.
[3]
3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the joining means comprise support means (5h, 5i) for contacting one of the faces of the mirror (m).
[4]
Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the support means comprise first contact means (5h, 5i) for contacting a mirror face (m) oriented towards the spring (S).
[5]
5. Device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the support means comprise second contact means (5h, 5i) for contacting a mirror face (m) oriented away from the spring (S) ).
[6]
6. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the joining means comprise an oscillating element (5f) articulatedly connected (5g) by its central part to a fixed point of the at least one corrective device (5) and jointly connected (5j) by one of its ends to the support means (5h, 5i), said oscillating element (5f) also comprising at least one of its ends first means (5k, 5l) connecting to the spring (S)
[7]
Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive mechanism comprises a movable support (5n) and a drive (5r, 5t, 5m) that moves said movable support (5n) by moving it closer and further away with with respect to the connection means (5f, 5h, 5i), said movable support (5n) comprising second means (5q) for connection to the spring (S).
[8]
Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the movable support (5n) comprises a slider (5p) movable perpendicularly with respect to the direction of travel of the movable support (5n) and comprising the second means (5q) connection to the spring (S).
[9]
9. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the drive is a spindle (5m) associated with an electric motor (5r).
[10]
10. Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lateral supports (2) and the pushers (3) are mounted on bearings (2a, 2b, 3a, 3b) to oscillate in a perpendicular plane with respect to the relative direction of movement between said lateral supports (2) and said pushers (3).
5 11. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the means of
Support comprise at least one bearing (5i) to contact the mirror (m).
[12]
12. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the joining means comprise an articulation (5j) between the oscillating element (5f) and the support means (5h, 5i).
10 13. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the latter
means (5q) for connection to the spring (S) are mounted on a bearing.

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同族专利:

公开号 | 公开日

ES2552225B1|2016-07-21|

引用文献:

公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题

US4022523A|1976-01-26|1977-05-10|Arthur D. Little, Inc.|Adjustable focal length cylindrical mirror assembly|

US6915677B1|2002-02-08|2005-07-12|Lockheed Martin Corporation|Adjustable rail for shaping large single curvature parabolic membrane optic|ES2603655A1|2016-04-21|2017-02-28|Consorci Per A La Construcció, Equipament I Explotació Del Laboratori De Llum De Sincrotró|Device and method of applying force to an object |

ES2751223A1|2019-07-24|2020-03-30|Consorci Per A La Construccio Equipament I Explotacio Del Laboratori De Llum De Sincrotro|MIRROR CURVATURE CORRECTION DEVICE |

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优先权:

申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

ES201530735A|ES2552225B1|2015-05-27|2015-05-27|Device for curving mirrors|ES201530735A| ES2552225B1|2015-05-27|2015-05-27|Device for curving mirrors|

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